If you are looking for ways to find the upper and lower limits of a confidence interval in Excel, then this article will help you with 5 different ways. The confidence interval determines the probability of lying a mean value in a range of values. The upper and lower limits of this interval predict the limit of the range where a true mean value may exist. So, let’s start with the main article to know more about the process.
How to Find the Upper and Lower Limits of a Confidence Interval in Excel: 5 Easy Ways
Here, we have the following dataset containing some samples showing their weight distribution. Using this dataset we will determine the upper and lower limits of a confidence level easily.
For completing this article, we have used the Microsoft Excel 365 version, but you can use any other version at your convenience.
Method-1: Using Excel Add-ins to Find Upper and Lower Limits of a Confidence Interval
Here, we will calculate the limits easily after calculating the confidence interval for the weights quickly using Excel Add-ins.
Step-01:
First, we have to enable the Add-ins for calculating the confidence interval of the weights.
- Go to the File.
- Select Options.
Then, you will be taken to a new wizard.
- Go to the Add-ins tab, select Excel Add-ins from the Manage options and finally click Go.
After that, the Add-ins wizard will open up.
- Check the options Analysis Toolpak, Solver Add-in, and then press OK.
Step-02:
After enabling the toolpak, we will analyze our data now.
- Go to the Data tab >> Analyze group >> Data Analysis
Later, the Data Analysis dialog box will pop up.
- Choose the Descriptive Statistics option and then press OK.
In this way, you will get the Descriptive Statistics dialog box.
- Choose the Input Range as $C$4:$C$14 (the range of the weights) >> Grouped By → Columns >> New Worksheet Ply >> check the options Summary statistics and Confidence Level for Mean (by default 95%).
- Finally, press OK.
Then, you will get the results in a new worksheet. Among the resultant values, we will utilize the Mean value and Confidence Level for calculating the limits.
- To have the limit values we have used the following two rows after the created table to determine the Lower Limit and Upper Limit.
- Type the following formula to get the Lower Limit
=B3-B16
Here, we are subtracting the Mean value from the Confidence Level.
- Apply the following formula in cell B18 to gain the Upper Limit
=B3+B16
Here, we will add up the Mean value with the Confidence Level.
Read More: How to Calculate 99 Confidence Interval in Excel
Method-2: Utilizing a Simple Formula
In this section, we will apply a simple formula to calculate the limits manually. For calculation, we have added some rows beside our dataset and inserted 1.96 as the z value (here, 1.96 will work for a 95% confidence level).
First, we will calculate the mean, standard deviation, and sample size using the AVERAGE, STDEV, and COUNT functions.
- Type the following formula in cell E4.
=AVERAGE(C4:C14)
Here, the AVERAGE function will determine the mean weight of the range C4:C14.
- Apply the following formula in cell E5.
=STDEV(C4:C14)
STDEV calculates the standard deviation of the range C4:C14.
- For calculating the sample size use the following formula in cell E6.
=COUNT(C4:C14)
The COUNT function will determine the total number of samples in the range C4:C14.
Step-02:
Now, we will calculate the limits by applying our formula easily.
- Calculate the lower limit using the following formula
=E4-E7*E5/SQRT(E6)
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Formula Breakdown
- E7*E5 → becomes
- 96*14.18514 → 27.803
- SQRT(E6) → becomes
- SQRT(11) → The SQRT function will calculate a square root value of 11
- Output → 3.3166
- SQRT(11) → The SQRT function will calculate a square root value of 11
- E7*E5/SQRT(E6) → becomes
- 803/3.3166 → 8.38288
- E4-E7*E5/SQRT(E6) → becomes
- 27273-8.38288 → 65.88985
- Calculate the upper limit by entering the following formula
=E4+E7*E5/SQRT(E6)
 Formula Breakdown
- E7*E5 → becomes
- 96*14.18514 → 27.803
- SQRT(E6) → becomes
- SQRT(11) → The SQRT function will calculate a square root value of 11
- Output → 3.3166
- SQRT(11) → The SQRT function will calculate a square root value of 11
- E7*E5/SQRT(E6) → becomes
- 803/3.3166 → 8.38288
- E4+E7*E5/SQRT(E6) → becomes
- 27273+8.38288 → 82.65561
Read More: How to Calculate 95 Percent Confidence Interval in Excel
Method-3: Applying CONFIDENCE Function to Find Upper and Lower Limits of a Confidence Interval
Here, we will apply the CONFIDENCE function to calculate the confidence interval at 95% which means the alpha value would be 5% or 0.05.
Steps:
- Follow Step-01 of Method-2 to calculate the Mean, Standard Deviation, and Sample Size of the weights.
- Apply the following formula in cell E8.
=CONFIDENCE(E7,E5,E6)
Here, E7 is the significant value or alpha, E5 is the standard deviation, and E6 is the sample size. CONFIDENCE will return the confidence interval of this range.
- To gain the lower limit subtract the mean value from the confidence interval.
=E4-E8
- For the upper limit add the mean value with the confidence interval.
=E4+E8
Read More:Â How to Calculate 90 Percent Confidence Interval in Excel
Method-4: Implementing NORMSDIST and CONFIDENCE.NORM Functions
Here, we will use the NORMSDIST function to calculate the normal distribution of the z value (for this function the z value will be 1.645 for a 95% confidence level) and then the CONFIDENCE.NORM to calculate the confidence interval.
Steps:
- Follow Step-01 of Method-2 to calculate the Mean, Standard Deviation, and Sample Size of the weights.
- To calculate the confidence level percentage apply the NORMSDIST function in cell E8.
=NORMSDIST(E7)
Here, E7 is the z value.
- Type the following formula in cell E9.
=CONFIDENCE.NORM(1-E8,E5,E6)
Here, 1-E8 will return the alpha or significant value which will be 0.05, E5 is the standard deviation, and E6 is the sample size. CONFIDENCE.NORM will return the confidence interval of this range.
- To gain the lower limit subtract the mean value from the confidence interval.
=E4-E8
- For the upper limit add the mean value with the confidence interval.
=E4+E8
Read More:Â How to Calculate Confidence Interval in Excel
Method-5: Utilizing NORM.S.INV and SQRT Functions to Find Upper and Lower Limits of a Confidence Interval
For this section, we will use the NORM.S.INV function to calculate the limits of a confidence interval.
Steps:
- Follow Step-01 of Method-2 to calculate the Mean, Standard Deviation, and Sample Size of the weights.
- For calculating the lower limit apply the following formula in cell E7.
=$E$4-NORM.S.INV(0.975)*($E$5/SQRT($E$6))
 Formula Breakdown
- S.INV(0.975) → it will return the value of the z which will be used for calculating the confidence interval (for the 95% level we have to use 0.975 here)
- Output → 1.95996
- SQRT(E6) → becomes
- SQRT(11) → The SQRT function will calculate a square root value of 11
- Output → 3.3166
- SQRT(11) → The SQRT function will calculate a square root value of 11
- $E$5/SQRT(E6) → becomes
- 185/3.3166 → 4.2769
- S.INV(0.975)*($E$5/SQRT($E$6)) → becomes
- 95996/4.2769 → 8.3827
- $E$4-NORM.S.INV(0.975)*($E$5/SQRT($E$6)) → becomes
- 27273- 8.3827 → 65.88985
- To have the upper limit apply the following formula in cell E8.
=$E$4+NORM.S.INV(0.975)*($E$5/SQRT($E$6))
 Formula Breakdown
- S.INV(0.975) → it will return the value of the z which will be used for calculating the confidence interval (for the 95% level we have to use 0.975 here)
- Output → 1.95996
- SQRT(E6) → becomes
- SQRT(11) → The SQRT function will calculate a square root value of 11
- Output → 3.3166
- SQRT(11) → The SQRT function will calculate a square root value of 11
- $E$5/SQRT(E6) → becomes
- 185/3.3166 → 4.2769
- S.INV(0.975)*($E$5/SQRT($E$6)) → becomes
- 95996/4.2769 → 8.3827
- $E$4-NORM.S.INV(0.975)*($E$5/SQRT($E$6)) → becomes
- 27273+ 8.3827 → 82.65545
Practice Section
For doing practice, we have added a Practice portion on each sheet on the right portion.
Download Practice Workbook
Conclusion
In this article, we tried to show the ways to find the upper and lower limits of a confidence interval in Excel. Hope you will find it useful. If you have any suggestions or questions, feel free to share them in the comment section.
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